Key Insights
The Northern Virginia data center market is experiencing robust growth, fueled by several key factors. Its strategic location, boasting strong fiber connectivity and proximity to major technology hubs, makes it an ideal location for hyperscale cloud providers, telecommunications companies, and other large enterprises. The region's established infrastructure, coupled with a skilled workforce and supportive regulatory environment, further enhances its attractiveness. The market's rapid expansion is driven by the increasing demand for cloud computing services, the proliferation of big data, and the growing adoption of artificial intelligence and machine learning, all of which necessitate significant data storage and processing capacity. While competition among data center providers is intense, the overall market size continues to expand, with significant opportunities for both established players and new entrants. The high concentration of government agencies and defense contractors in the area also contributes significantly to the demand, leading to a strong focus on security and compliance within the market. The market is segmented by data center size (small to mega), tier type, absorption rate (utilized vs. non-utilized), colocation type (retail, wholesale, hyperscale), and end-user industry. This segmentation reveals valuable insights into market dynamics and helps identify areas of high growth potential.
The forecast for the Northern Virginia data center market remains positive, projecting continued strong growth over the next decade. However, challenges remain, including potential land scarcity, rising energy costs, and the need for sustainable practices. Addressing these challenges will be crucial for ensuring the long-term sustainability of the market. The ongoing expansion of 5G networks and the increasing adoption of edge computing are expected to further fuel demand in the coming years. Understanding the intricacies of these market segments and the competitive landscape is essential for informed decision-making by both investors and data center operators. The strong presence of major players like Equinix, Digital Realty, and others indicates a high degree of market maturity, yet also presents opportunities for innovative solutions and specialized services. The market's performance is significantly influenced by macroeconomic factors, including economic growth and government policies related to technology investment.

Northern Virginia Data Center Market: A Comprehensive Report (2019-2033)
This in-depth report provides a comprehensive analysis of the Northern Virginia data center market, encompassing market dynamics, growth trends, key players, and future outlook. The report covers the period from 2019 to 2033, with 2025 as the base and estimated year. It segments the market by data center size (Small, Medium, Large, Massive, Mega), tier type (Tier 1, Tier 2, Tier 3, Tier 4), absorption (Utilized, Non-Utilized), colocation type (Retail, Wholesale, Hyperscale), and end-user (Cloud & IT, Telecom, Media & Entertainment, Government, BFSI, Manufacturing, E-commerce, Other).
Northern Virginia Data Center Market Dynamics & Structure
The Northern Virginia data center market is characterized by high concentration among major players, significant technological innovation, a supportive regulatory framework, and increasing demand from diverse end-user segments. The market is witnessing considerable mergers and acquisitions (M&A) activity, driven by consolidation and expansion strategies.
- Market Concentration: The top 5 players (e.g., Equinix, Digital Realty, NTT, CyrusOne, and Vantage Data Centers) hold an estimated xx% market share in 2025, indicating a relatively consolidated market.
- Technological Innovation: The adoption of advanced technologies like AI, IoT, and edge computing fuels demand for higher capacity and more efficient data centers. However, challenges exist in integrating these innovations due to high initial investment costs and complex implementations.
- Regulatory Framework: State and local government support for data center development, including tax incentives and streamlined permitting processes, fosters market expansion. However, regulatory scrutiny regarding energy consumption and environmental impact remains a key consideration.
- Competitive Product Substitutes: Cloud services present a competitive alternative for some applications, while on-premise data centers continue to be preferred for specific security and latency-sensitive applications.
- End-User Demographics: The market is driven by a diverse range of end-users, with Cloud & IT, Telecom, and Government sectors being prominent drivers. The continued growth of these sectors will fuel the demand for data center capacity.
- M&A Trends: The number of M&A deals in the Northern Virginia data center market has averaged xx annually during the historical period (2019-2024), driven by the pursuit of scale, geographic expansion, and access to advanced technologies.
Northern Virginia Data Center Market Growth Trends & Insights
The Northern Virginia data center market exhibits robust growth, driven by increasing data volumes, cloud adoption, and the region's strategic location and infrastructure. The market size is projected to reach xx million in 2025, exhibiting a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of xx% during the forecast period (2025-2033). This growth is influenced by several factors:
- Increased demand for cloud services is driving the need for substantial data center capacity. The market penetration of cloud services is projected to reach xx% by 2033.
- Technological advancements, such as hyperscale data centers and edge computing, are leading to higher capacity and greater efficiency.
- The growing adoption of AI, IoT, and big data analytics increases demand for data storage and processing capabilities.
- Consumer behavior shifts towards digital services are driving data growth and subsequently the demand for data center infrastructure.

Dominant Regions, Countries, or Segments in Northern Virginia Data Center Market
The Northern Virginia data center market is largely concentrated within the Ashburn and Culpeper areas, benefiting from proximity to major fiber optic networks, abundant power supply, and supportive regulatory environments.
- Dominant Region: Ashburn, VA remains the leading region, holding a xx% market share due to its established infrastructure and connectivity advantages. Culpeper is experiencing rapid growth, with recent rezoning approvals signaling significant future expansion.
- Dominant Segment: The Hyperscale colocation segment is expected to be a major growth driver, exhibiting xx% growth during the forecast period, propelled by demand from large cloud providers and hyperscale operators.
- Key Growth Drivers:
- Robust Internet connectivity: Northern Virginia boasts exceptional network infrastructure, including major fiber optic routes, ensuring low latency and high bandwidth.
- Abundant power supply: The region has sufficient power capacity to meet the increasing demand from energy-intensive data centers.
- Supportive regulatory environment: Favorable state and local regulations, including tax incentives and streamlined permitting processes, accelerate data center development.
- Skilled workforce: A large pool of skilled IT professionals strengthens the region's appeal to data center operators.
Northern Virginia Data Center Market Product Landscape
The Northern Virginia data center market offers a diverse range of products, from small-scale colocation facilities to large-scale hyperscale deployments. Innovations focus on energy efficiency, modular design, advanced cooling systems, and enhanced security features to reduce operational costs and improve performance. These innovations deliver unique selling propositions to meet specific customer needs, ranging from high-density computing to specialized environmental controls. The use of AI in facility management is also increasing.
Key Drivers, Barriers & Challenges in Northern Virginia Data Center Market
Key Drivers:
- Growing demand for cloud services and digital transformation initiatives.
- Expanding adoption of AI, IoT, and big data analytics.
- Need for low latency and high bandwidth connectivity.
- Favorable regulatory environment and infrastructure support.
Key Barriers and Challenges:
- Increasing energy costs and environmental concerns.
- Competition for skilled labor and resources.
- Potential supply chain disruptions affecting construction and equipment availability. This impacted the market by xx% in 2024.
- Land scarcity and rising real estate prices, especially in established data center hubs like Ashburn.
Emerging Opportunities in Northern Virginia Data Center Market
- Expansion of edge computing infrastructure to meet the demand for localized processing power.
- Growth of specialized data centers catering to specific industries (e.g., healthcare, finance).
- Increased demand for sustainable and environmentally friendly data center solutions.
Growth Accelerators in the Northern Virginia Data Center Market Industry
The Northern Virginia data center market is poised for long-term growth due to several factors. These include continued investment in infrastructure, the emergence of new technologies (like edge computing and AI-powered facility management), and strategic partnerships among data center operators, cloud providers, and technology companies. The region's strategic location and established reputation as a technology hub will further accelerate growth.
Key Players Shaping the Northern Virginia Data Center Market Market
- Cyxtera Technologies Inc
- Quality Technology Services
- Equinix Inc
- EdgeCore
- Rackspace Technology
- PhoenixNAP
- Iron Mountain
- 365 data centers
- DataBank
- Evocative
- CyrusOne
- EdgeConneX Inc
- Flexential
- Cogent
- Cologix
- Evoque
- Vantage Data Center
- CoreSite
- H5 Data centers
- Digital Realty Trust Inc
- Stack Infrastructure
- NTT Ltd
Notable Milestones in Northern Virginia Data Center Market Sector
- May 2023: Culpeper County approves rezoning for over 4 million square feet of new data center space.
- April 2023: GI Partners acquires a 98-acre data center campus in Ashburn, highlighting continued investment in the region.
In-Depth Northern Virginia Data Center Market Market Outlook
The Northern Virginia data center market is expected to maintain robust growth through 2033, driven by the factors discussed above. The region's strong infrastructure, supportive regulatory environment, and strategic location will continue to attract significant investment. Strategic partnerships and technological advancements will further fuel the market's expansion, presenting significant opportunities for both established players and new entrants. The increasing demand for sustainable and energy-efficient data center solutions will also shape future market trends.
Northern Virginia Data Center Market Segmentation
-
1. DC Size
- 1.1. Small
- 1.2. Medium
- 1.3. Large
- 1.4. Massive
- 1.5. Mega
-
2. Tier Type
- 2.1. Tier 1 & 2
- 2.2. Tier 3
- 2.3. Tier 4
-
3. Absorption
-
3.1. Utilized
-
3.1.1. Colocation Type
- 3.1.1.1. Retail
- 3.1.1.2. Wholesale
- 3.1.1.3. Hyperscale
-
3.1.2. End User
- 3.1.2.1. Cloud & IT
- 3.1.2.2. Telecom
- 3.1.2.3. Media & Entertainment
- 3.1.2.4. Government
- 3.1.2.5. BFSI
- 3.1.2.6. Manufacturing
- 3.1.2.7. E-Commerce
- 3.1.2.8. Other End User
-
3.1.1. Colocation Type
- 3.2. Non-Utilized
-
3.1. Utilized
Northern Virginia Data Center Market Segmentation By Geography
- 1. Virginia

Northern Virginia Data Center Market REPORT HIGHLIGHTS
Aspects | Details |
---|---|
Study Period | 2019-2033 |
Base Year | 2024 |
Estimated Year | 2025 |
Forecast Period | 2025-2033 |
Historical Period | 2019-2024 |
Growth Rate | CAGR of 13.80% from 2019-2033 |
Segmentation |
|
Table of Contents
- 1. Introduction
- 1.1. Research Scope
- 1.2. Market Segmentation
- 1.3. Research Methodology
- 1.4. Definitions and Assumptions
- 2. Executive Summary
- 2.1. Introduction
- 3. Market Dynamics
- 3.1. Introduction
- 3.2. Market Drivers
- 3.2.1. Growing Adoption of Cloud Services is expected to flourish the market; Increasing Growth in Wholesale Datacenter Multi-tenant Spaces to propel demand (albeit from a lower base); Increased Emphasis on Compliance with Data Regulations and Cost-Effective Nature of Multi-tenant Facilities to Drive Adoption among SME's
- 3.3. Market Restrains
- 3.3.1. Dependence on Regulatory Landscape & Stringent Security Requirements
- 3.4. Market Trends
- 3.4.1. Tier 4 is Expected to Hold Significant Share of the Market
- 4. Market Factor Analysis
- 4.1. Porters Five Forces
- 4.2. Supply/Value Chain
- 4.3. PESTEL analysis
- 4.4. Market Entropy
- 4.5. Patent/Trademark Analysis
- 5. Northern Virginia Data Center Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 5.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by DC Size
- 5.1.1. Small
- 5.1.2. Medium
- 5.1.3. Large
- 5.1.4. Massive
- 5.1.5. Mega
- 5.2. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Tier Type
- 5.2.1. Tier 1 & 2
- 5.2.2. Tier 3
- 5.2.3. Tier 4
- 5.3. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Absorption
- 5.3.1. Utilized
- 5.3.1.1. Colocation Type
- 5.3.1.1.1. Retail
- 5.3.1.1.2. Wholesale
- 5.3.1.1.3. Hyperscale
- 5.3.1.2. End User
- 5.3.1.2.1. Cloud & IT
- 5.3.1.2.2. Telecom
- 5.3.1.2.3. Media & Entertainment
- 5.3.1.2.4. Government
- 5.3.1.2.5. BFSI
- 5.3.1.2.6. Manufacturing
- 5.3.1.2.7. E-Commerce
- 5.3.1.2.8. Other End User
- 5.3.1.1. Colocation Type
- 5.3.2. Non-Utilized
- 5.3.1. Utilized
- 5.4. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Region
- 5.4.1. Virginia
- 5.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by DC Size
- 6. North America Northern Virginia Data Center Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 6.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - By Country/Sub-region
- 6.1.1.
- 7. Europe Northern Virginia Data Center Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 7.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - By Country/Sub-region
- 7.1.1.
- 8. Asia Northern Virginia Data Center Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 8.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - By Country/Sub-region
- 8.1.1.
- 9. Australia and New Zealand Northern Virginia Data Center Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 9.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - By Country/Sub-region
- 9.1.1.
- 10. Latin America Northern Virginia Data Center Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 10.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - By Country/Sub-region
- 10.1.1.
- 11. Middle East and Africa Northern Virginia Data Center Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 11.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - By Country/Sub-region
- 11.1.1.
- 12. Competitive Analysis
- 12.1. Market Share Analysis 2024
- 12.2. Company Profiles
- 12.2.1 Cyxtera Technologies Inc
- 12.2.1.1. Overview
- 12.2.1.2. Products
- 12.2.1.3. SWOT Analysis
- 12.2.1.4. Recent Developments
- 12.2.1.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 12.2.2 Quality Technology Services
- 12.2.2.1. Overview
- 12.2.2.2. Products
- 12.2.2.3. SWOT Analysis
- 12.2.2.4. Recent Developments
- 12.2.2.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 12.2.3 Equinix Inc
- 12.2.3.1. Overview
- 12.2.3.2. Products
- 12.2.3.3. SWOT Analysis
- 12.2.3.4. Recent Developments
- 12.2.3.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 12.2.4 EdgeCore
- 12.2.4.1. Overview
- 12.2.4.2. Products
- 12.2.4.3. SWOT Analysis
- 12.2.4.4. Recent Developments
- 12.2.4.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 12.2.5 Rackspace Technology
- 12.2.5.1. Overview
- 12.2.5.2. Products
- 12.2.5.3. SWOT Analysis
- 12.2.5.4. Recent Developments
- 12.2.5.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 12.2.6 PhoenixNAP
- 12.2.6.1. Overview
- 12.2.6.2. Products
- 12.2.6.3. SWOT Analysis
- 12.2.6.4. Recent Developments
- 12.2.6.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 12.2.7 Iron Mountain
- 12.2.7.1. Overview
- 12.2.7.2. Products
- 12.2.7.3. SWOT Analysis
- 12.2.7.4. Recent Developments
- 12.2.7.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 12.2.8 365 data centers
- 12.2.8.1. Overview
- 12.2.8.2. Products
- 12.2.8.3. SWOT Analysis
- 12.2.8.4. Recent Developments
- 12.2.8.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 12.2.9 DataBank
- 12.2.9.1. Overview
- 12.2.9.2. Products
- 12.2.9.3. SWOT Analysis
- 12.2.9.4. Recent Developments
- 12.2.9.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 12.2.10 Evocative
- 12.2.10.1. Overview
- 12.2.10.2. Products
- 12.2.10.3. SWOT Analysis
- 12.2.10.4. Recent Developments
- 12.2.10.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 12.2.11 CyrusOne
- 12.2.11.1. Overview
- 12.2.11.2. Products
- 12.2.11.3. SWOT Analysis
- 12.2.11.4. Recent Developments
- 12.2.11.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 12.2.12 EdgeConneX Inc
- 12.2.12.1. Overview
- 12.2.12.2. Products
- 12.2.12.3. SWOT Analysis
- 12.2.12.4. Recent Developments
- 12.2.12.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 12.2.13 Flexential
- 12.2.13.1. Overview
- 12.2.13.2. Products
- 12.2.13.3. SWOT Analysis
- 12.2.13.4. Recent Developments
- 12.2.13.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 12.2.14 Cogent
- 12.2.14.1. Overview
- 12.2.14.2. Products
- 12.2.14.3. SWOT Analysis
- 12.2.14.4. Recent Developments
- 12.2.14.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 12.2.15 Cologix
- 12.2.15.1. Overview
- 12.2.15.2. Products
- 12.2.15.3. SWOT Analysis
- 12.2.15.4. Recent Developments
- 12.2.15.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 12.2.16 Evoque
- 12.2.16.1. Overview
- 12.2.16.2. Products
- 12.2.16.3. SWOT Analysis
- 12.2.16.4. Recent Developments
- 12.2.16.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 12.2.17 Vantage Data Center
- 12.2.17.1. Overview
- 12.2.17.2. Products
- 12.2.17.3. SWOT Analysis
- 12.2.17.4. Recent Developments
- 12.2.17.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 12.2.18 CoreSite
- 12.2.18.1. Overview
- 12.2.18.2. Products
- 12.2.18.3. SWOT Analysis
- 12.2.18.4. Recent Developments
- 12.2.18.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 12.2.19 H5 Data centers
- 12.2.19.1. Overview
- 12.2.19.2. Products
- 12.2.19.3. SWOT Analysis
- 12.2.19.4. Recent Developments
- 12.2.19.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 12.2.20 Digital Realty Trust Inc
- 12.2.20.1. Overview
- 12.2.20.2. Products
- 12.2.20.3. SWOT Analysis
- 12.2.20.4. Recent Developments
- 12.2.20.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 12.2.21 Stack Infrastructure
- 12.2.21.1. Overview
- 12.2.21.2. Products
- 12.2.21.3. SWOT Analysis
- 12.2.21.4. Recent Developments
- 12.2.21.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 12.2.22 NTT Ltd
- 12.2.22.1. Overview
- 12.2.22.2. Products
- 12.2.22.3. SWOT Analysis
- 12.2.22.4. Recent Developments
- 12.2.22.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 12.2.1 Cyxtera Technologies Inc
List of Figures
- Figure 1: Northern Virginia Data Center Market Revenue Breakdown (Million, %) by Product 2024 & 2032
- Figure 2: Northern Virginia Data Center Market Share (%) by Company 2024
List of Tables
- Table 1: Northern Virginia Data Center Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Region 2019 & 2032
- Table 2: Northern Virginia Data Center Market Revenue Million Forecast, by DC Size 2019 & 2032
- Table 3: Northern Virginia Data Center Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Tier Type 2019 & 2032
- Table 4: Northern Virginia Data Center Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Absorption 2019 & 2032
- Table 5: Northern Virginia Data Center Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Region 2019 & 2032
- Table 6: Northern Virginia Data Center Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
- Table 7: Northern Virginia Data Center Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 8: Northern Virginia Data Center Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
- Table 9: Northern Virginia Data Center Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 10: Northern Virginia Data Center Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
- Table 11: Northern Virginia Data Center Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 12: Northern Virginia Data Center Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
- Table 13: Northern Virginia Data Center Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 14: Northern Virginia Data Center Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
- Table 15: Northern Virginia Data Center Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 16: Northern Virginia Data Center Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
- Table 17: Northern Virginia Data Center Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 18: Northern Virginia Data Center Market Revenue Million Forecast, by DC Size 2019 & 2032
- Table 19: Northern Virginia Data Center Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Tier Type 2019 & 2032
- Table 20: Northern Virginia Data Center Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Absorption 2019 & 2032
- Table 21: Northern Virginia Data Center Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
Frequently Asked Questions
1. What is the projected Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of the Northern Virginia Data Center Market?
The projected CAGR is approximately 13.80%.
2. Which companies are prominent players in the Northern Virginia Data Center Market?
Key companies in the market include Cyxtera Technologies Inc, Quality Technology Services, Equinix Inc, EdgeCore, Rackspace Technology, PhoenixNAP, Iron Mountain, 365 data centers, DataBank, Evocative, CyrusOne, EdgeConneX Inc , Flexential, Cogent, Cologix, Evoque, Vantage Data Center, CoreSite, H5 Data centers, Digital Realty Trust Inc, Stack Infrastructure, NTT Ltd.
3. What are the main segments of the Northern Virginia Data Center Market?
The market segments include DC Size, Tier Type, Absorption.
4. Can you provide details about the market size?
The market size is estimated to be USD XX Million as of 2022.
5. What are some drivers contributing to market growth?
Growing Adoption of Cloud Services is expected to flourish the market; Increasing Growth in Wholesale Datacenter Multi-tenant Spaces to propel demand (albeit from a lower base); Increased Emphasis on Compliance with Data Regulations and Cost-Effective Nature of Multi-tenant Facilities to Drive Adoption among SME's.
6. What are the notable trends driving market growth?
Tier 4 is Expected to Hold Significant Share of the Market.
7. Are there any restraints impacting market growth?
Dependence on Regulatory Landscape & Stringent Security Requirements.
8. Can you provide examples of recent developments in the market?
May 2023: Culpeper County, Virginia, may soon see the building of more than four million square feet of data centers. The Culpeper Town and County Councils have received rezoning proposals allowing the construction of about 17 structures on two campuses on the town's border alongside McDevitt Drive. According to the Culpeper Star-Exponent, the Culpeper County Planning Commission voted 7-1 last week to approve an application to rezone approximately 34.4 acres from RA (Rural Areas) to LI (Light Industrial) over Route 799 (McDevitt Drive) and Route 699 (East Chandler Street) in the StevensburgMagisterial area.
9. What pricing options are available for accessing the report?
Pricing options include single-user, multi-user, and enterprise licenses priced at USD 3800, USD 4500, and USD 5800 respectively.
10. Is the market size provided in terms of value or volume?
The market size is provided in terms of value, measured in Million.
11. Are there any specific market keywords associated with the report?
Yes, the market keyword associated with the report is "Northern Virginia Data Center Market," which aids in identifying and referencing the specific market segment covered.
12. How do I determine which pricing option suits my needs best?
The pricing options vary based on user requirements and access needs. Individual users may opt for single-user licenses, while businesses requiring broader access may choose multi-user or enterprise licenses for cost-effective access to the report.
13. Are there any additional resources or data provided in the Northern Virginia Data Center Market report?
While the report offers comprehensive insights, it's advisable to review the specific contents or supplementary materials provided to ascertain if additional resources or data are available.
14. How can I stay updated on further developments or reports in the Northern Virginia Data Center Market?
To stay informed about further developments, trends, and reports in the Northern Virginia Data Center Market, consider subscribing to industry newsletters, following relevant companies and organizations, or regularly checking reputable industry news sources and publications.
Methodology
Step 1 - Identification of Relevant Samples Size from Population Database



Step 2 - Approaches for Defining Global Market Size (Value, Volume* & Price*)

Note*: In applicable scenarios
Step 3 - Data Sources
Primary Research
- Web Analytics
- Survey Reports
- Research Institute
- Latest Research Reports
- Opinion Leaders
Secondary Research
- Annual Reports
- White Paper
- Latest Press Release
- Industry Association
- Paid Database
- Investor Presentations

Step 4 - Data Triangulation
Involves using different sources of information in order to increase the validity of a study
These sources are likely to be stakeholders in a program - participants, other researchers, program staff, other community members, and so on.
Then we put all data in single framework & apply various statistical tools to find out the dynamic on the market.
During the analysis stage, feedback from the stakeholder groups would be compared to determine areas of agreement as well as areas of divergence