Key Insights
The North American canned fruits market, valued at approximately $2.5 billion in 2025, is projected to experience steady growth, exhibiting a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 4.16% from 2025 to 2033. This growth is driven by several key factors. The increasing demand for convenient and shelf-stable food options fuels the market's expansion, particularly among busy consumers seeking time-saving solutions. Health-conscious individuals also contribute to this demand, as canned fruits offer a readily available source of vitamins and minerals, even during periods when fresh produce is out of season or less accessible. Furthermore, the rising popularity of incorporating fruits into various recipes, including baked goods, jams, and desserts, creates further demand. The market is segmented by product type (peaches, pineapples, mandarin oranges, pears, and others), form (whole and cut fruits), and distribution channels (supermarkets/hypermarkets, convenience stores, and online retail). Major players like Dole Food Company, Del Monte Foods, and Bonduelle are driving innovation through product diversification and enhanced packaging, further stimulating growth.
However, certain restraints affect market expansion. Fluctuating prices of raw materials, particularly fruits, impact production costs and profitability. Concerns regarding added sugars and preservatives in canned fruits also pose a challenge, driving consumers towards healthier alternatives. Competition from fresh and frozen fruit segments is another factor impacting market growth. To mitigate these challenges, manufacturers are focusing on reducing added sugar content, employing more natural preservatives, and highlighting the nutritional benefits of their products through effective marketing campaigns. The increasing adoption of e-commerce platforms presents opportunities for market expansion, providing new avenues for distribution and reaching a wider customer base. In the long term, strategic partnerships with retailers and innovative product development efforts focusing on consumer preferences will be crucial for sustaining the growth of the North American canned fruits market.

North America Canned Fruits Market: A Comprehensive Report (2019-2033)
This in-depth report provides a comprehensive analysis of the North America canned fruits market, encompassing market dynamics, growth trends, regional segmentation, product landscape, key players, and future outlook. The study period spans from 2019 to 2033, with 2025 serving as the base and estimated year. The report offers invaluable insights for industry professionals, investors, and stakeholders seeking to understand and capitalize on opportunities within this dynamic sector. Market values are presented in million units.
North America Canned Fruits Market Dynamics & Structure
The North America canned fruits market is a moderately consolidated industry with several major players and numerous smaller regional brands. Market concentration is influenced by factors including economies of scale, brand recognition, and access to distribution channels. Technological innovation plays a key role, with advancements in processing, packaging, and preservation techniques continually shaping the market. Stringent regulatory frameworks related to food safety and labeling impact operational costs and product development. Competitive pressure from fresh and frozen fruit alternatives necessitates continuous innovation to maintain market share. End-user demographics, particularly health-conscious consumers seeking convenient and nutritious options, influence demand. Furthermore, M&A activity has significantly reshaped the competitive landscape. Over the past five years, xx M&A deals have been recorded, with a xx% increase in deal volume between 2022 and 2024.
- Market Concentration: Moderately consolidated, with top 5 players holding xx% market share (2024).
- Technological Innovation: Focus on extended shelf life, improved nutrient retention, and sustainable packaging.
- Regulatory Framework: Stringent food safety regulations and labeling requirements.
- Competitive Substitutes: Fresh fruits, frozen fruits, fruit juices, and other convenient snack options.
- End-User Demographics: Growing demand driven by health-conscious consumers and busy lifestyles.
- M&A Trends: Significant consolidation through mergers and acquisitions, resulting in increased market concentration.
North America Canned Fruits Market Growth Trends & Insights
The North America canned fruits market experienced a CAGR of xx% during the historical period (2019-2024), reaching a market size of xx million units in 2024. This growth is attributed to several factors, including rising disposable incomes, increasing urbanization, and the growing popularity of convenient and on-the-go food options. Technological advancements, such as improved preservation methods and enhanced packaging solutions, have also contributed to market expansion. Consumer preference shifts towards healthier and more natural food products, along with the growing demand for functional foods (e.g., Dole Essentials fruit cups), are influencing product innovation and market growth. The market is projected to maintain a steady growth trajectory, with a forecasted CAGR of xx% during the forecast period (2025-2033). Market penetration is estimated at xx% in 2024, with significant untapped potential in emerging markets and niche consumer segments.

Dominant Regions, Countries, or Segments in North America Canned Fruits Market
The United States dominates the North American canned fruits market, accounting for xx% of the total market value in 2024, driven by high consumption rates and extensive distribution networks. Within the segment breakdown:
- By Product Type: Peaches, pineapples, and mandarin oranges are the leading product types, together commanding xx% of the market share in 2024. The "Other Fruit Types" segment exhibits significant growth potential, with a projected CAGR of xx% during the forecast period.
- By Form: Cut fruits segment holds a larger market share compared to whole fruits, due to its convenience and versatility. However, whole fruits are expected to see a growth spurt due to growing consumer preference for minimally processed products.
- By Distribution Channel: Supermarkets/hypermarkets remain the dominant distribution channel, but online retail stores are witnessing robust growth, indicating a shift in consumer purchasing behavior.
Key Drivers:
- High per capita consumption of canned fruits in the US and Canada.
- Extensive retail infrastructure and strong distribution networks.
- Growing demand for convenient and shelf-stable food options.
- Increasing awareness of the nutritional benefits of canned fruits.
North America Canned Fruits Market Product Landscape
The North American canned fruits market offers a diverse range of products, from traditional canned fruits to innovative functional food options. Product innovations focus on improving taste, texture, and nutritional value, incorporating functionalities like added vitamins or reduced sugar content. Advancements in packaging technologies, such as shelf-stable pouches and retort packaging, extend shelf life and enhance product appeal. Unique selling propositions include the convenience and long shelf life, making canned fruits a practical choice for busy individuals and families. The increasing use of sustainable and eco-friendly packaging is further contributing to product differentiation.
Key Drivers, Barriers & Challenges in North America Canned Fruits Market
Key Drivers:
- Growing health consciousness and demand for convenient nutrition.
- Increasing disposable incomes and changing dietary habits.
- Expanding retail infrastructure and online sales channels.
Key Challenges:
- Fluctuations in raw material prices and availability.
- Intense competition from fresh and frozen fruit alternatives.
- Stringent regulatory requirements for food safety and labeling.
- Concerns about added sugar and preservatives in some products. This has reduced the market volume by approximately xx million units in 2024.
Emerging Opportunities in North America Canned Fruits Market
Emerging opportunities include:
- Growth in the demand for organic and sustainably sourced canned fruits.
- Expanding market for innovative product formats, such as single-serve cups and pouches.
- Focus on developing new flavors and blends to cater to evolving consumer preferences.
- Penetration into untapped markets through targeted marketing campaigns.
Growth Accelerators in the North America Canned Fruits Market Industry
Long-term growth will be driven by strategic partnerships between producers and retailers to enhance supply chain efficiency and product distribution. Technological breakthroughs in preservation and packaging technology will unlock opportunities for creating healthier, more convenient products. Expansion into emerging markets, specifically the Hispanic and Asian communities in North America, will significantly boost market growth. Furthermore, a strategic focus on sustainable sourcing and packaging will contribute to the market's future success.
Key Players Shaping the North America Canned Fruits Market Market
- Bonduelle
- Kangfa Foods
- Princes Foods
- Dole Food Company
- SunOpta
- The Kraft Heinz Company
- CHB Group
- Del Monte Foods Inc
- Native Forest
- Seneca Foods
Notable Milestones in North America Canned Fruits Market Sector
- May 2022: Bonduelle Group secures financing for its North American business unit, Bonduelle Americas Long Life (BALL), through new investors, strengthening its position in the market.
- July 2021: Dole Packaged Foods LLC launches Dole Essentials fruit cups, a functional fruit-based product line targeting health-conscious consumers, expanding the product landscape.
- April 2021: Del Monte brand becomes part of the Bonduelle Group in Canada, reinforcing Bonduelle's market presence and distribution capabilities.
In-Depth North America Canned Fruits Market Market Outlook
The North America canned fruits market is poised for sustained growth driven by rising health consciousness, innovation in product formats and packaging, and growing demand for convenient food options. Strategic collaborations across the value chain, from sourcing to retail, will optimize efficiency and product distribution. Opportunities exist in expanding into niche segments and developing sustainably sourced products, aligning with growing consumer preferences for environmentally friendly options. This presents significant potential for market players to capture a larger share of this evolving market.
North America Canned Fruits Market Segmentation
-
1. Product Type
- 1.1. Peaches
- 1.2. Pineapple
- 1.3. Mandarin oranges
- 1.4. Pears
- 1.5. Other Fruit Types
-
2. Form
- 2.1. Whole fruits
- 2.2. Cut fruits
-
3. Distribution Channel
- 3.1. Supermarkets/Hypermarkets
- 3.2. Convenience Stores
- 3.3. Online Retail Stores
- 3.4. Other Distribution Channels
-
4. Geography
- 4.1. United States
- 4.2. Canada
- 4.3. Mexico
- 4.4. Rest of North America
North America Canned Fruits Market Segmentation By Geography
- 1. United States
- 2. Canada
- 3. Mexico
- 4. Rest of North America

North America Canned Fruits Market REPORT HIGHLIGHTS
Aspects | Details |
---|---|
Study Period | 2019-2033 |
Base Year | 2024 |
Estimated Year | 2025 |
Forecast Period | 2025-2033 |
Historical Period | 2019-2024 |
Growth Rate | CAGR of 4.16% from 2019-2033 |
Segmentation |
|
Table of Contents
- 1. Introduction
- 1.1. Research Scope
- 1.2. Market Segmentation
- 1.3. Research Methodology
- 1.4. Definitions and Assumptions
- 2. Executive Summary
- 2.1. Introduction
- 3. Market Dynamics
- 3.1. Introduction
- 3.2. Market Drivers
- 3.2.1. Growing Awareness of Functional Benefits of Carotenoids; Consumption of Health and Wellness Products
- 3.3. Market Restrains
- 3.3.1. High Processing Cost and Low Yield of Natural Food Colors
- 3.4. Market Trends
- 3.4.1. Rising trend of on-the-go consumption
- 4. Market Factor Analysis
- 4.1. Porters Five Forces
- 4.2. Supply/Value Chain
- 4.3. PESTEL analysis
- 4.4. Market Entropy
- 4.5. Patent/Trademark Analysis
- 5. North America Canned Fruits Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 5.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Product Type
- 5.1.1. Peaches
- 5.1.2. Pineapple
- 5.1.3. Mandarin oranges
- 5.1.4. Pears
- 5.1.5. Other Fruit Types
- 5.2. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Form
- 5.2.1. Whole fruits
- 5.2.2. Cut fruits
- 5.3. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Distribution Channel
- 5.3.1. Supermarkets/Hypermarkets
- 5.3.2. Convenience Stores
- 5.3.3. Online Retail Stores
- 5.3.4. Other Distribution Channels
- 5.4. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Geography
- 5.4.1. United States
- 5.4.2. Canada
- 5.4.3. Mexico
- 5.4.4. Rest of North America
- 5.5. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Region
- 5.5.1. United States
- 5.5.2. Canada
- 5.5.3. Mexico
- 5.5.4. Rest of North America
- 5.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Product Type
- 6. United States North America Canned Fruits Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 6.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Product Type
- 6.1.1. Peaches
- 6.1.2. Pineapple
- 6.1.3. Mandarin oranges
- 6.1.4. Pears
- 6.1.5. Other Fruit Types
- 6.2. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Form
- 6.2.1. Whole fruits
- 6.2.2. Cut fruits
- 6.3. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Distribution Channel
- 6.3.1. Supermarkets/Hypermarkets
- 6.3.2. Convenience Stores
- 6.3.3. Online Retail Stores
- 6.3.4. Other Distribution Channels
- 6.4. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Geography
- 6.4.1. United States
- 6.4.2. Canada
- 6.4.3. Mexico
- 6.4.4. Rest of North America
- 6.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Product Type
- 7. Canada North America Canned Fruits Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 7.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Product Type
- 7.1.1. Peaches
- 7.1.2. Pineapple
- 7.1.3. Mandarin oranges
- 7.1.4. Pears
- 7.1.5. Other Fruit Types
- 7.2. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Form
- 7.2.1. Whole fruits
- 7.2.2. Cut fruits
- 7.3. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Distribution Channel
- 7.3.1. Supermarkets/Hypermarkets
- 7.3.2. Convenience Stores
- 7.3.3. Online Retail Stores
- 7.3.4. Other Distribution Channels
- 7.4. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Geography
- 7.4.1. United States
- 7.4.2. Canada
- 7.4.3. Mexico
- 7.4.4. Rest of North America
- 7.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Product Type
- 8. Mexico North America Canned Fruits Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 8.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Product Type
- 8.1.1. Peaches
- 8.1.2. Pineapple
- 8.1.3. Mandarin oranges
- 8.1.4. Pears
- 8.1.5. Other Fruit Types
- 8.2. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Form
- 8.2.1. Whole fruits
- 8.2.2. Cut fruits
- 8.3. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Distribution Channel
- 8.3.1. Supermarkets/Hypermarkets
- 8.3.2. Convenience Stores
- 8.3.3. Online Retail Stores
- 8.3.4. Other Distribution Channels
- 8.4. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Geography
- 8.4.1. United States
- 8.4.2. Canada
- 8.4.3. Mexico
- 8.4.4. Rest of North America
- 8.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Product Type
- 9. Rest of North America North America Canned Fruits Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 9.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Product Type
- 9.1.1. Peaches
- 9.1.2. Pineapple
- 9.1.3. Mandarin oranges
- 9.1.4. Pears
- 9.1.5. Other Fruit Types
- 9.2. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Form
- 9.2.1. Whole fruits
- 9.2.2. Cut fruits
- 9.3. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Distribution Channel
- 9.3.1. Supermarkets/Hypermarkets
- 9.3.2. Convenience Stores
- 9.3.3. Online Retail Stores
- 9.3.4. Other Distribution Channels
- 9.4. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Geography
- 9.4.1. United States
- 9.4.2. Canada
- 9.4.3. Mexico
- 9.4.4. Rest of North America
- 9.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Product Type
- 10. United States North America Canned Fruits Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 11. Canada North America Canned Fruits Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 12. Mexico North America Canned Fruits Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 13. Rest of North America North America Canned Fruits Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 14. Competitive Analysis
- 14.1. Market Share Analysis 2024
- 14.2. Company Profiles
- 14.2.1 Bonduelle
- 14.2.1.1. Overview
- 14.2.1.2. Products
- 14.2.1.3. SWOT Analysis
- 14.2.1.4. Recent Developments
- 14.2.1.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 14.2.2 Kangfa Foods
- 14.2.2.1. Overview
- 14.2.2.2. Products
- 14.2.2.3. SWOT Analysis
- 14.2.2.4. Recent Developments
- 14.2.2.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 14.2.3 Princes Foods
- 14.2.3.1. Overview
- 14.2.3.2. Products
- 14.2.3.3. SWOT Analysis
- 14.2.3.4. Recent Developments
- 14.2.3.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 14.2.4 Dole Food Company
- 14.2.4.1. Overview
- 14.2.4.2. Products
- 14.2.4.3. SWOT Analysis
- 14.2.4.4. Recent Developments
- 14.2.4.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 14.2.5 SunOpta
- 14.2.5.1. Overview
- 14.2.5.2. Products
- 14.2.5.3. SWOT Analysis
- 14.2.5.4. Recent Developments
- 14.2.5.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 14.2.6 The Kraft Heinz Company
- 14.2.6.1. Overview
- 14.2.6.2. Products
- 14.2.6.3. SWOT Analysis
- 14.2.6.4. Recent Developments
- 14.2.6.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 14.2.7 CHB Group
- 14.2.7.1. Overview
- 14.2.7.2. Products
- 14.2.7.3. SWOT Analysis
- 14.2.7.4. Recent Developments
- 14.2.7.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 14.2.8 Del Monte Foods Inc
- 14.2.8.1. Overview
- 14.2.8.2. Products
- 14.2.8.3. SWOT Analysis
- 14.2.8.4. Recent Developments
- 14.2.8.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 14.2.9 Native Forest*List Not Exhaustive
- 14.2.9.1. Overview
- 14.2.9.2. Products
- 14.2.9.3. SWOT Analysis
- 14.2.9.4. Recent Developments
- 14.2.9.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 14.2.10 Seneca Foods
- 14.2.10.1. Overview
- 14.2.10.2. Products
- 14.2.10.3. SWOT Analysis
- 14.2.10.4. Recent Developments
- 14.2.10.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 14.2.1 Bonduelle
List of Figures
- Figure 1: North America Canned Fruits Market Revenue Breakdown (Million, %) by Product 2024 & 2032
- Figure 2: North America Canned Fruits Market Share (%) by Company 2024
List of Tables
- Table 1: North America Canned Fruits Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Region 2019 & 2032
- Table 2: North America Canned Fruits Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Product Type 2019 & 2032
- Table 3: North America Canned Fruits Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Form 2019 & 2032
- Table 4: North America Canned Fruits Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Distribution Channel 2019 & 2032
- Table 5: North America Canned Fruits Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Geography 2019 & 2032
- Table 6: North America Canned Fruits Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Region 2019 & 2032
- Table 7: North America Canned Fruits Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
- Table 8: United States North America Canned Fruits Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 9: Canada North America Canned Fruits Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 10: Mexico North America Canned Fruits Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 11: Rest of North America North America Canned Fruits Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 12: North America Canned Fruits Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Product Type 2019 & 2032
- Table 13: North America Canned Fruits Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Form 2019 & 2032
- Table 14: North America Canned Fruits Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Distribution Channel 2019 & 2032
- Table 15: North America Canned Fruits Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Geography 2019 & 2032
- Table 16: North America Canned Fruits Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
- Table 17: North America Canned Fruits Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Product Type 2019 & 2032
- Table 18: North America Canned Fruits Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Form 2019 & 2032
- Table 19: North America Canned Fruits Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Distribution Channel 2019 & 2032
- Table 20: North America Canned Fruits Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Geography 2019 & 2032
- Table 21: North America Canned Fruits Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
- Table 22: North America Canned Fruits Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Product Type 2019 & 2032
- Table 23: North America Canned Fruits Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Form 2019 & 2032
- Table 24: North America Canned Fruits Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Distribution Channel 2019 & 2032
- Table 25: North America Canned Fruits Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Geography 2019 & 2032
- Table 26: North America Canned Fruits Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
- Table 27: North America Canned Fruits Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Product Type 2019 & 2032
- Table 28: North America Canned Fruits Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Form 2019 & 2032
- Table 29: North America Canned Fruits Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Distribution Channel 2019 & 2032
- Table 30: North America Canned Fruits Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Geography 2019 & 2032
- Table 31: North America Canned Fruits Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
Frequently Asked Questions
1. What is the projected Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of the North America Canned Fruits Market?
The projected CAGR is approximately 4.16%.
2. Which companies are prominent players in the North America Canned Fruits Market?
Key companies in the market include Bonduelle, Kangfa Foods, Princes Foods, Dole Food Company, SunOpta, The Kraft Heinz Company, CHB Group, Del Monte Foods Inc, Native Forest*List Not Exhaustive, Seneca Foods.
3. What are the main segments of the North America Canned Fruits Market?
The market segments include Product Type, Form, Distribution Channel, Geography.
4. Can you provide details about the market size?
The market size is estimated to be USD XX Million as of 2022.
5. What are some drivers contributing to market growth?
Growing Awareness of Functional Benefits of Carotenoids; Consumption of Health and Wellness Products.
6. What are the notable trends driving market growth?
Rising trend of on-the-go consumption.
7. Are there any restraints impacting market growth?
High Processing Cost and Low Yield of Natural Food Colors.
8. Can you provide examples of recent developments in the market?
In May 2022, Bonduelle Group added new investors to its North American business unit Bonduelle Americas Long Life (BALL) in an effort to secure financing for its future growth plans. BALL has six processing plants in Canada and four in the United States that process canned and frozen fruits sold primarily by private-label brands in North America.
9. What pricing options are available for accessing the report?
Pricing options include single-user, multi-user, and enterprise licenses priced at USD 4750, USD 5250, and USD 8750 respectively.
10. Is the market size provided in terms of value or volume?
The market size is provided in terms of value, measured in Million.
11. Are there any specific market keywords associated with the report?
Yes, the market keyword associated with the report is "North America Canned Fruits Market," which aids in identifying and referencing the specific market segment covered.
12. How do I determine which pricing option suits my needs best?
The pricing options vary based on user requirements and access needs. Individual users may opt for single-user licenses, while businesses requiring broader access may choose multi-user or enterprise licenses for cost-effective access to the report.
13. Are there any additional resources or data provided in the North America Canned Fruits Market report?
While the report offers comprehensive insights, it's advisable to review the specific contents or supplementary materials provided to ascertain if additional resources or data are available.
14. How can I stay updated on further developments or reports in the North America Canned Fruits Market?
To stay informed about further developments, trends, and reports in the North America Canned Fruits Market, consider subscribing to industry newsletters, following relevant companies and organizations, or regularly checking reputable industry news sources and publications.
Methodology
Step 1 - Identification of Relevant Samples Size from Population Database



Step 2 - Approaches for Defining Global Market Size (Value, Volume* & Price*)

Note*: In applicable scenarios
Step 3 - Data Sources
Primary Research
- Web Analytics
- Survey Reports
- Research Institute
- Latest Research Reports
- Opinion Leaders
Secondary Research
- Annual Reports
- White Paper
- Latest Press Release
- Industry Association
- Paid Database
- Investor Presentations

Step 4 - Data Triangulation
Involves using different sources of information in order to increase the validity of a study
These sources are likely to be stakeholders in a program - participants, other researchers, program staff, other community members, and so on.
Then we put all data in single framework & apply various statistical tools to find out the dynamic on the market.
During the analysis stage, feedback from the stakeholder groups would be compared to determine areas of agreement as well as areas of divergence