Key Insights
The North American bariatric surgery market, valued at $1.05 billion in 2025, is projected to experience robust growth, driven by rising obesity rates and increasing awareness of bariatric surgery's efficacy in treating obesity-related comorbidities like type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. The market's Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 5.45% from 2025 to 2033 indicates a significant expansion over the forecast period. Several factors contribute to this growth. Technological advancements in minimally invasive surgical techniques, such as laparoscopic and robotic surgery, are leading to shorter hospital stays, faster recovery times, and reduced complications, thus increasing patient appeal. Furthermore, the development of innovative devices like advanced gastric balloons and improved implantable devices are enhancing the effectiveness and safety of bariatric procedures. The increasing adoption of bundled payment models and improved insurance coverage for bariatric surgery also contribute positively to market expansion. However, the market faces challenges, including potential complications associated with bariatric surgery, the high cost of procedures, and the need for long-term post-operative care and lifestyle modifications. Segment-wise, the demand for assisting devices, including trocars, staplers, and meshes, is expected to witness significant growth due to their crucial role in minimally invasive procedures. The dominance of key players like Johnson & Johnson, Medtronic, and Intuitive Surgical, indicates a competitive yet consolidated market landscape. Geographic concentration is observed in the United States, representing the largest segment within North America due to higher obesity prevalence and advanced healthcare infrastructure.
The competitive landscape comprises both established medical device companies and specialized bariatric surgery companies. Strategic partnerships, mergers, and acquisitions are expected to shape the market dynamics in the coming years, driven by the need to expand product portfolios and enhance market reach. Future growth hinges on continued innovation in surgical techniques and devices, improved patient access to affordable care, and increased investment in research and development. The focus on developing less invasive procedures and improving patient outcomes will be pivotal in ensuring sustainable market growth. The market is expected to see further expansion into adjacent segments, including telehealth support for post-operative care and the development of advanced diagnostic tools for obesity management. This will likely contribute to an even higher CAGR in the later years of the forecast period.

North American Bariatric Surgery Market: A Comprehensive Report (2019-2033)
This comprehensive report provides an in-depth analysis of the North American bariatric surgery market, encompassing market dynamics, growth trends, regional segmentation, product landscape, key players, and future outlook. The study period covers 2019-2033, with 2025 as the base and estimated year. This report is crucial for industry professionals, investors, and strategic decision-makers seeking a complete understanding of this rapidly evolving sector. The market is segmented into several key areas including Gastric Emptying Devices (Gastric Bands, Gastric Balloons), Assisting Devices (Trocars, Staplers, Implantable Devices, Meshes, Bands), and other related products and services.
North American Bariatric Surgery Market Dynamics & Structure
The North American bariatric surgery market is characterized by a moderately concentrated landscape, with key players such as Johnson & Johnson, Medtronic PLC, and Teleflex Incorporated (Standard Bariatrics Inc) holding significant market share. The market size in 2025 is estimated at $XX Million. Technological innovation, particularly in minimally invasive procedures and advanced devices, is a key driver. Stringent regulatory frameworks, including FDA approvals, influence market entry and product development. Competitive pressures arise from the availability of alternative weight-loss methods and the emergence of new technologies. End-user demographics are shifting towards an older, more diverse patient population. The M&A activity, exemplified by Teleflex Incorporated's acquisition of Standard Bariatrics, indicates a trend towards consolidation and expansion within the industry.
- Market Concentration: Moderately concentrated, with top 5 players holding approximately XX% market share in 2025.
- Technological Innovation: Focus on minimally invasive techniques, robotic surgery, and advanced implantable devices.
- Regulatory Framework: Stringent FDA regulations impacting product approvals and market entry.
- Competitive Substitutes: Dietary interventions, lifestyle modifications, and other weight-loss therapies.
- End-User Demographics: Growing elderly population and increased prevalence of obesity driving market growth.
- M&A Activity: Significant M&A activity in recent years, including the acquisition of Standard Bariatrics by Teleflex. Estimated deal volume in 2024 at XX deals.
North American Bariatric Surgery Market Growth Trends & Insights
The North American bariatric surgery market has witnessed substantial growth over the historical period (2019-2024), driven by rising obesity rates, increased awareness of bariatric surgery benefits, and technological advancements. The market size experienced a CAGR of XX% from 2019 to 2024, reaching $XX Million in 2024. Market penetration remains relatively low, offering significant growth potential. Technological disruptions, such as the adoption of robotic surgery and advanced imaging techniques, are enhancing surgical precision and outcomes. Consumer behavior shifts are evident in increased demand for minimally invasive procedures and shorter recovery times. The forecast period (2025-2033) projects continued growth, driven by factors including improved insurance coverage and expanding access to care. The market is anticipated to reach $XX Million by 2033, with a projected CAGR of XX%.

Dominant Regions, Countries, or Segments in North American Bariatric Surgery Market
The United States dominates the North American bariatric surgery market, accounting for the largest market share. This dominance is attributed to several factors, including higher obesity prevalence, greater healthcare expenditure, and wider access to advanced surgical facilities. Within the United States, key states like California, Texas, and Florida exhibit higher procedure volumes. Among segments, the assisting devices segment, specifically trocars and staplers, holds the largest market share driven by their consistent use across various bariatric surgical procedures. The Implantable Devices segment is projected to experience significant growth due to advancements in materials and design, resulting in better patient outcomes and reduced complications.
- Key Drivers in the US: High prevalence of obesity, advanced healthcare infrastructure, and favorable insurance coverage.
- Dominant Segments: Assisting devices (trocars and staplers) holds the largest market share, followed by Implantable Devices which is predicted to experience the highest growth.
- Growth Potential: Significant untapped potential exists in underserved regions and among specific demographic groups.
North American Bariatric Surgery Market Product Landscape
The North American bariatric surgery market features a diverse product landscape, encompassing a wide range of devices and technologies. Innovations include minimally invasive surgical instruments, advanced stapling systems, and improved implantable devices. These advancements have led to enhanced surgical precision, reduced complications, and faster recovery times. Unique selling propositions focus on improving patient outcomes and reducing hospital stay durations. Ongoing technological advancements center around the integration of robotics and AI for enhanced surgical capabilities and improved patient care.
Key Drivers, Barriers & Challenges in North American Bariatric Surgery Market
Key Drivers: Rising obesity rates, increased awareness of bariatric surgery benefits, technological advancements (minimally invasive techniques, robotic surgery), improved insurance coverage, and expanding access to care are all pushing market growth.
Challenges and Restraints: High procedure costs, potential complications, limited access to skilled surgeons in certain areas, stringent regulatory approvals, and competition from alternative weight-loss methods pose significant barriers. Supply chain disruptions can also impact device availability and pricing. The market share of alternative solutions is currently approximately XX%.
Emerging Opportunities in North American Bariatric Surgery Market
Emerging opportunities lie in expanding access to bariatric surgery in underserved communities, developing innovative minimally invasive techniques, and integrating telehealth for remote patient monitoring and support. The growing demand for personalized medicine and the potential for integrating AI in surgical planning and execution represent significant growth avenues. Additionally, there's increasing potential in creating new devices for revisional bariatric surgeries.
Growth Accelerators in the North American Bariatric Surgery Market Industry
Long-term growth will be accelerated by continuous technological advancements in minimally invasive procedures, strategic partnerships between device manufacturers and healthcare providers, and expansion into new geographical markets. Furthermore, growing acceptance of bariatric surgery as a viable and effective treatment for obesity will boost the sector.
Key Players Shaping the North American Bariatric Surgery Market Market
- Spatz Medical
- CooperSurgical Inc
- Johnson & Johnson
- Medtronic PLC
- Teleflex Incorporated (Standard Bariatrics Inc)
- Apollo Endosurgery Inc
- Conmed Corporation
- Intuitive Surgical Inc
- B Braun SE
- Olympus Corporation
Notable Milestones in North American Bariatric Surgery Market Sector
- August 2022: Teleflex Incorporated acquired Standard Bariatrics, Inc., expanding its portfolio of powered stapling technology for bariatric surgery. This acquisition significantly strengthened Teleflex's position in the market.
- July 2022: Apollo Endosurgery, Inc. received FDA marketing authorization for its Apollo ESG™ and Apollo REVISE™ systems for endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty (ESG) and endoscopic bariatric revision. This broadened the range of available endoscopic bariatric procedures.
In-Depth North American Bariatric Surgery Market Market Outlook
The North American bariatric surgery market is poised for sustained growth, driven by technological advancements, increasing prevalence of obesity, and expanding access to care. Strategic partnerships, product innovation, and a focus on minimally invasive procedures will continue to shape the market landscape. The focus on improving patient outcomes, reducing complications, and enhancing cost-effectiveness will be key success factors for market players in the coming years. Untapped potential in underserved communities and expanding applications of endoscopic procedures present compelling opportunities for future expansion and growth.
North American Bariatric Surgery Market Segmentation
-
1. Device
-
1.1. Assisting Devices
- 1.1.1. Suturing Device
- 1.1.2. Closure Device
- 1.1.3. Stapling Device
- 1.1.4. Trocars
- 1.1.5. Other Assisting Devices
-
1.2. Implantable Devices
- 1.2.1. Gastric Bands
- 1.2.2. Electrical Stimulation Devices
- 1.2.3. Gastric Balloons
- 1.2.4. Gastric Emptying
- 1.3. Other Devices
-
1.1. Assisting Devices
-
2. Geography
- 2.1. United States
- 2.2. Canada
- 2.3. Mexico
North American Bariatric Surgery Market Segmentation By Geography
- 1. United States
- 2. Canada
- 3. Mexico

North American Bariatric Surgery Market REPORT HIGHLIGHTS
Aspects | Details |
---|---|
Study Period | 2019-2033 |
Base Year | 2024 |
Estimated Year | 2025 |
Forecast Period | 2025-2033 |
Historical Period | 2019-2024 |
Growth Rate | CAGR of 5.45% from 2019-2033 |
Segmentation |
|
Table of Contents
- 1. Introduction
- 1.1. Research Scope
- 1.2. Market Segmentation
- 1.3. Research Methodology
- 1.4. Definitions and Assumptions
- 2. Executive Summary
- 2.1. Introduction
- 3. Market Dynamics
- 3.1. Introduction
- 3.2. Market Drivers
- 3.2.1. Increase in Obesity Patients; High Prevalence of Type-2 Diabetes and Heart Diseases; Increasing Public Awareness About Bariatric Surgery and Government Initiatives to Curb Obesity
- 3.3. Market Restrains
- 3.3.1. High Cost of Surgery
- 3.4. Market Trends
- 3.4.1. Closure Device Segment is Expected to Experience Significant Growth Over the Forecast Period
- 4. Market Factor Analysis
- 4.1. Porters Five Forces
- 4.2. Supply/Value Chain
- 4.3. PESTEL analysis
- 4.4. Market Entropy
- 4.5. Patent/Trademark Analysis
- 5. North American Bariatric Surgery Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 5.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Device
- 5.1.1. Assisting Devices
- 5.1.1.1. Suturing Device
- 5.1.1.2. Closure Device
- 5.1.1.3. Stapling Device
- 5.1.1.4. Trocars
- 5.1.1.5. Other Assisting Devices
- 5.1.2. Implantable Devices
- 5.1.2.1. Gastric Bands
- 5.1.2.2. Electrical Stimulation Devices
- 5.1.2.3. Gastric Balloons
- 5.1.2.4. Gastric Emptying
- 5.1.3. Other Devices
- 5.1.1. Assisting Devices
- 5.2. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Geography
- 5.2.1. United States
- 5.2.2. Canada
- 5.2.3. Mexico
- 5.3. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Region
- 5.3.1. United States
- 5.3.2. Canada
- 5.3.3. Mexico
- 5.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Device
- 6. United States North American Bariatric Surgery Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 6.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Device
- 6.1.1. Assisting Devices
- 6.1.1.1. Suturing Device
- 6.1.1.2. Closure Device
- 6.1.1.3. Stapling Device
- 6.1.1.4. Trocars
- 6.1.1.5. Other Assisting Devices
- 6.1.2. Implantable Devices
- 6.1.2.1. Gastric Bands
- 6.1.2.2. Electrical Stimulation Devices
- 6.1.2.3. Gastric Balloons
- 6.1.2.4. Gastric Emptying
- 6.1.3. Other Devices
- 6.1.1. Assisting Devices
- 6.2. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Geography
- 6.2.1. United States
- 6.2.2. Canada
- 6.2.3. Mexico
- 6.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Device
- 7. Canada North American Bariatric Surgery Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 7.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Device
- 7.1.1. Assisting Devices
- 7.1.1.1. Suturing Device
- 7.1.1.2. Closure Device
- 7.1.1.3. Stapling Device
- 7.1.1.4. Trocars
- 7.1.1.5. Other Assisting Devices
- 7.1.2. Implantable Devices
- 7.1.2.1. Gastric Bands
- 7.1.2.2. Electrical Stimulation Devices
- 7.1.2.3. Gastric Balloons
- 7.1.2.4. Gastric Emptying
- 7.1.3. Other Devices
- 7.1.1. Assisting Devices
- 7.2. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Geography
- 7.2.1. United States
- 7.2.2. Canada
- 7.2.3. Mexico
- 7.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Device
- 8. Mexico North American Bariatric Surgery Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 8.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Device
- 8.1.1. Assisting Devices
- 8.1.1.1. Suturing Device
- 8.1.1.2. Closure Device
- 8.1.1.3. Stapling Device
- 8.1.1.4. Trocars
- 8.1.1.5. Other Assisting Devices
- 8.1.2. Implantable Devices
- 8.1.2.1. Gastric Bands
- 8.1.2.2. Electrical Stimulation Devices
- 8.1.2.3. Gastric Balloons
- 8.1.2.4. Gastric Emptying
- 8.1.3. Other Devices
- 8.1.1. Assisting Devices
- 8.2. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Geography
- 8.2.1. United States
- 8.2.2. Canada
- 8.2.3. Mexico
- 8.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Device
- 9. United States North American Bariatric Surgery Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 10. Canada North American Bariatric Surgery Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 11. Mexico North American Bariatric Surgery Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 12. Rest of North America North American Bariatric Surgery Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 13. Competitive Analysis
- 13.1. Market Share Analysis 2024
- 13.2. Company Profiles
- 13.2.1 Spatz Medical
- 13.2.1.1. Overview
- 13.2.1.2. Products
- 13.2.1.3. SWOT Analysis
- 13.2.1.4. Recent Developments
- 13.2.1.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 13.2.2 CooperSurgical Inc
- 13.2.2.1. Overview
- 13.2.2.2. Products
- 13.2.2.3. SWOT Analysis
- 13.2.2.4. Recent Developments
- 13.2.2.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 13.2.3 Johnson and Johnson
- 13.2.3.1. Overview
- 13.2.3.2. Products
- 13.2.3.3. SWOT Analysis
- 13.2.3.4. Recent Developments
- 13.2.3.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 13.2.4 Medtronic PLC
- 13.2.4.1. Overview
- 13.2.4.2. Products
- 13.2.4.3. SWOT Analysis
- 13.2.4.4. Recent Developments
- 13.2.4.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 13.2.5 Teleflex Incorporated (Standard Bariatrics Inc )
- 13.2.5.1. Overview
- 13.2.5.2. Products
- 13.2.5.3. SWOT Analysis
- 13.2.5.4. Recent Developments
- 13.2.5.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 13.2.6 Apollo Endosurgery Inc
- 13.2.6.1. Overview
- 13.2.6.2. Products
- 13.2.6.3. SWOT Analysis
- 13.2.6.4. Recent Developments
- 13.2.6.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 13.2.7 Conmed Corporation
- 13.2.7.1. Overview
- 13.2.7.2. Products
- 13.2.7.3. SWOT Analysis
- 13.2.7.4. Recent Developments
- 13.2.7.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 13.2.8 Intuitive Surgical Inc
- 13.2.8.1. Overview
- 13.2.8.2. Products
- 13.2.8.3. SWOT Analysis
- 13.2.8.4. Recent Developments
- 13.2.8.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 13.2.9 B Braun SE
- 13.2.9.1. Overview
- 13.2.9.2. Products
- 13.2.9.3. SWOT Analysis
- 13.2.9.4. Recent Developments
- 13.2.9.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 13.2.10 Olympus Corporation
- 13.2.10.1. Overview
- 13.2.10.2. Products
- 13.2.10.3. SWOT Analysis
- 13.2.10.4. Recent Developments
- 13.2.10.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 13.2.1 Spatz Medical
List of Figures
- Figure 1: North American Bariatric Surgery Market Revenue Breakdown (Million, %) by Product 2024 & 2032
- Figure 2: North American Bariatric Surgery Market Share (%) by Company 2024
List of Tables
- Table 1: North American Bariatric Surgery Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Region 2019 & 2032
- Table 2: North American Bariatric Surgery Market Volume K Unit Forecast, by Region 2019 & 2032
- Table 3: North American Bariatric Surgery Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Device 2019 & 2032
- Table 4: North American Bariatric Surgery Market Volume K Unit Forecast, by Device 2019 & 2032
- Table 5: North American Bariatric Surgery Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Geography 2019 & 2032
- Table 6: North American Bariatric Surgery Market Volume K Unit Forecast, by Geography 2019 & 2032
- Table 7: North American Bariatric Surgery Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Region 2019 & 2032
- Table 8: North American Bariatric Surgery Market Volume K Unit Forecast, by Region 2019 & 2032
- Table 9: North American Bariatric Surgery Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
- Table 10: North American Bariatric Surgery Market Volume K Unit Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
- Table 11: United States North American Bariatric Surgery Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 12: United States North American Bariatric Surgery Market Volume (K Unit) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 13: Canada North American Bariatric Surgery Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 14: Canada North American Bariatric Surgery Market Volume (K Unit) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 15: Mexico North American Bariatric Surgery Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 16: Mexico North American Bariatric Surgery Market Volume (K Unit) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 17: Rest of North America North American Bariatric Surgery Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 18: Rest of North America North American Bariatric Surgery Market Volume (K Unit) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 19: North American Bariatric Surgery Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Device 2019 & 2032
- Table 20: North American Bariatric Surgery Market Volume K Unit Forecast, by Device 2019 & 2032
- Table 21: North American Bariatric Surgery Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Geography 2019 & 2032
- Table 22: North American Bariatric Surgery Market Volume K Unit Forecast, by Geography 2019 & 2032
- Table 23: North American Bariatric Surgery Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
- Table 24: North American Bariatric Surgery Market Volume K Unit Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
- Table 25: North American Bariatric Surgery Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Device 2019 & 2032
- Table 26: North American Bariatric Surgery Market Volume K Unit Forecast, by Device 2019 & 2032
- Table 27: North American Bariatric Surgery Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Geography 2019 & 2032
- Table 28: North American Bariatric Surgery Market Volume K Unit Forecast, by Geography 2019 & 2032
- Table 29: North American Bariatric Surgery Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
- Table 30: North American Bariatric Surgery Market Volume K Unit Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
- Table 31: North American Bariatric Surgery Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Device 2019 & 2032
- Table 32: North American Bariatric Surgery Market Volume K Unit Forecast, by Device 2019 & 2032
- Table 33: North American Bariatric Surgery Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Geography 2019 & 2032
- Table 34: North American Bariatric Surgery Market Volume K Unit Forecast, by Geography 2019 & 2032
- Table 35: North American Bariatric Surgery Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
- Table 36: North American Bariatric Surgery Market Volume K Unit Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
Frequently Asked Questions
1. What is the projected Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of the North American Bariatric Surgery Market?
The projected CAGR is approximately 5.45%.
2. Which companies are prominent players in the North American Bariatric Surgery Market?
Key companies in the market include Spatz Medical, CooperSurgical Inc, Johnson and Johnson, Medtronic PLC, Teleflex Incorporated (Standard Bariatrics Inc ), Apollo Endosurgery Inc, Conmed Corporation, Intuitive Surgical Inc, B Braun SE, Olympus Corporation.
3. What are the main segments of the North American Bariatric Surgery Market?
The market segments include Device, Geography.
4. Can you provide details about the market size?
The market size is estimated to be USD 1.05 Million as of 2022.
5. What are some drivers contributing to market growth?
Increase in Obesity Patients; High Prevalence of Type-2 Diabetes and Heart Diseases; Increasing Public Awareness About Bariatric Surgery and Government Initiatives to Curb Obesity.
6. What are the notable trends driving market growth?
Closure Device Segment is Expected to Experience Significant Growth Over the Forecast Period.
7. Are there any restraints impacting market growth?
High Cost of Surgery.
8. Can you provide examples of recent developments in the market?
August 2022: Teleflex Incorporated entered into a definitive agreement to acquire Standard Bariatrics, Inc., which has commercialized an innovative powered stapling technology for bariatric surgery.
9. What pricing options are available for accessing the report?
Pricing options include single-user, multi-user, and enterprise licenses priced at USD 4750, USD 5250, and USD 8750 respectively.
10. Is the market size provided in terms of value or volume?
The market size is provided in terms of value, measured in Million and volume, measured in K Unit.
11. Are there any specific market keywords associated with the report?
Yes, the market keyword associated with the report is "North American Bariatric Surgery Market," which aids in identifying and referencing the specific market segment covered.
12. How do I determine which pricing option suits my needs best?
The pricing options vary based on user requirements and access needs. Individual users may opt for single-user licenses, while businesses requiring broader access may choose multi-user or enterprise licenses for cost-effective access to the report.
13. Are there any additional resources or data provided in the North American Bariatric Surgery Market report?
While the report offers comprehensive insights, it's advisable to review the specific contents or supplementary materials provided to ascertain if additional resources or data are available.
14. How can I stay updated on further developments or reports in the North American Bariatric Surgery Market?
To stay informed about further developments, trends, and reports in the North American Bariatric Surgery Market, consider subscribing to industry newsletters, following relevant companies and organizations, or regularly checking reputable industry news sources and publications.
Methodology
Step 1 - Identification of Relevant Samples Size from Population Database



Step 2 - Approaches for Defining Global Market Size (Value, Volume* & Price*)

Note*: In applicable scenarios
Step 3 - Data Sources
Primary Research
- Web Analytics
- Survey Reports
- Research Institute
- Latest Research Reports
- Opinion Leaders
Secondary Research
- Annual Reports
- White Paper
- Latest Press Release
- Industry Association
- Paid Database
- Investor Presentations

Step 4 - Data Triangulation
Involves using different sources of information in order to increase the validity of a study
These sources are likely to be stakeholders in a program - participants, other researchers, program staff, other community members, and so on.
Then we put all data in single framework & apply various statistical tools to find out the dynamic on the market.
During the analysis stage, feedback from the stakeholder groups would be compared to determine areas of agreement as well as areas of divergence