Key Insights
The Africa agricultural machinery market, valued at $2.27 billion in 2025, is projected to experience robust growth, driven by several key factors. Increasing government initiatives promoting mechanization to enhance agricultural productivity across the continent are a primary catalyst. Furthermore, rising farmer incomes and a growing awareness of the benefits of modern agricultural techniques are fueling demand for advanced machinery like tractors, harvesters, and irrigation systems. The expanding cultivation of high-value crops and the need for efficient post-harvest handling are also significant contributors to market expansion. While challenges such as high initial investment costs, limited access to credit, and inadequate infrastructure remain, the overall positive outlook is reinforced by the increasing availability of financing options, coupled with the growing presence of both international and local agricultural equipment manufacturers. This competitive landscape fosters innovation and facilitates the introduction of more affordable and suitable machinery for various African farming contexts. Segment-wise, tractors and harvesting machinery are expected to dominate, followed by planting and fertilizing equipment, reflecting the diverse agricultural practices across the continent. South Africa, Sudan, and Kenya are expected to be major contributors to regional growth given their relatively developed agricultural sectors and infrastructure.
The forecast period of 2025-2033 anticipates a sustained Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 6.40%. This growth will be influenced by ongoing technological advancements, leading to the introduction of more fuel-efficient, technologically advanced machinery better suited to the unique challenges of African farming. Furthermore, the increasing adoption of precision agriculture techniques, coupled with improved farmer training programs, will significantly boost market expansion. However, factors such as political instability in certain regions and the potential impact of climate change on agricultural yields need to be considered as potential headwinds. The market's growth trajectory depends on continued investment in rural infrastructure, improved access to financing, and sustained government support for agricultural modernization initiatives across the diverse African landscape.

Africa Agricultural Machinery Market: A Comprehensive Report (2019-2033)
This in-depth report provides a comprehensive analysis of the Africa Agricultural Machinery Market, covering the period 2019-2033. It offers invaluable insights into market dynamics, growth trends, key players, and future opportunities for industry professionals, investors, and strategic decision-makers. The report segments the market by product type (Tractors, Plowing & Cultivating Machinery, Planting & Fertilizing Machinery, Harvesting Machinery, Haying & Forage Machinery, Irrigation Machineries, Other Product Types) providing a granular view of this dynamic sector. The total market size is projected to reach XX million units by 2033.
Africa Agricultural Machinery Market Dynamics & Structure
The African agricultural machinery market is characterized by a moderately concentrated landscape, with a few major international players alongside several regional and local manufacturers. Market concentration is estimated at xx% in 2025, with the top 5 players holding xx% market share. Technological innovation, driven by the need for increased efficiency and productivity, is a key driver. However, challenges such as limited access to finance, inadequate infrastructure, and a lack of skilled labor hinder wider adoption. Regulatory frameworks vary across the continent, posing both opportunities and challenges. Competitive pressures from used machinery imports impact the market.
- Market Concentration: Moderately concentrated, with top 5 players holding xx% market share in 2025.
- Technological Innovation: Strong driver, focused on efficiency and yield enhancement.
- Regulatory Framework: Varies across countries, impacting market access and growth.
- Competitive Substitutes: Used machinery imports pose a significant challenge.
- End-User Demographics: Primarily smallholder farmers, with varying levels of mechanization adoption.
- M&A Activity: Limited in recent years, with xx major deals recorded between 2019-2024.
Africa Agricultural Machinery Market Growth Trends & Insights
The Africa Agricultural Machinery Market is experiencing significant growth, driven by increasing agricultural output, government support for mechanization, and rising farmer incomes. The market size expanded from xx million units in 2019 to xx million units in 2024, exhibiting a CAGR of xx%. This growth is expected to continue, with a projected CAGR of xx% from 2025 to 2033, reaching xx million units by 2033. Adoption rates are highest in South Africa, Kenya, and Ethiopia, fueled by favorable government policies and improved infrastructure. Technological disruptions, such as precision agriculture technologies and automation, are transforming the market. Consumer behavior shifts towards more efficient and sustainable machinery are also notable.

Dominant Regions, Countries, or Segments in Africa Agricultural Machinery Market
South Africa holds the dominant position in the African agricultural machinery market, accounting for approximately xx% of the total market share in 2025. This is due to its relatively developed agricultural sector, robust infrastructure, and high level of farmer mechanization. Other key markets include Kenya, Egypt, and Ethiopia. Among product types, tractors constitute the largest segment, followed by plowing and cultivating machinery.
- South Africa: Dominant market share, driven by advanced agricultural practices and infrastructure.
- Kenya and Ethiopia: Significant growth potential, driven by increasing agricultural investment and government initiatives.
- Tractors: Largest product segment, with high demand from large-scale farms and commercial operations.
- Plowing and Cultivating Machinery: Strong demand driven by the need for efficient land preparation.
- Key Drivers: Government agricultural policies, infrastructure development, and rising farmer incomes.
Africa Agricultural Machinery Market Product Landscape
The African agricultural machinery market is witnessing a surge in technologically advanced products, such as precision planting equipment, GPS-guided tractors, and automated harvesting systems. These innovations offer significant benefits in terms of efficiency, precision, and reduced labor costs. Manufacturers are focusing on developing robust, fuel-efficient, and affordable machinery tailored to the specific needs of African farmers. Unique selling propositions emphasize durability, ease of maintenance, and suitability for diverse soil conditions.
Key Drivers, Barriers & Challenges in Africa Agricultural Machinery Market
Key Drivers:
- Government initiatives promoting agricultural modernization and mechanization.
- Rising demand for food security and increased agricultural productivity.
- Growing adoption of precision farming technologies.
- Investments in agricultural infrastructure, including irrigation systems.
Key Barriers & Challenges:
- High initial investment costs, limiting access for smallholder farmers.
- Limited access to financing for agricultural machinery purchases.
- Inadequate maintenance infrastructure and skilled labor.
- Import tariffs and trade restrictions. The impact of these is estimated to reduce market growth by xx% annually.
Emerging Opportunities in Africa Agricultural Machinery Market
- Untapped markets: Significant opportunities exist in expanding market penetration across sub-Saharan Africa.
- Innovative applications: Demand for specialized machinery for specific crops and farming systems.
- Evolving consumer preferences: Shift towards fuel-efficient, low-maintenance machinery.
- Financing solutions: Development of tailored financing schemes to enable smallholder access.
Growth Accelerators in the Africa Agricultural Machinery Market Industry
Technological advancements, particularly in automation and precision agriculture, are driving long-term growth. Strategic partnerships between equipment manufacturers and financial institutions are improving access to credit for farmers. Expansion into new markets and the development of adapted machinery for local conditions also contribute to sustained market growth.
Key Players Shaping the Africa Agricultural Machinery Market Market
- Kuhn Group
- Deere & Company
- Kverneland AS
- AGCO Corporation
- CNH Industrial NV
- Mahindra & Mahindra Ltd
- Tractors and Farm Equipment Limited (TAFE)
- Claas KGaA mbH
- Kubota Agricultural Machinery
- Lindsay Corporation
- Escorts Group
- J C Bamford Excavators Limited
Notable Milestones in Africa Agricultural Machinery Sector
- May 2022: AGCO launched new Fendt One tractor models and the Fendt Ideal Combine 10T at the NAMPO agricultural trade show in South Africa, boosting efficiency and reducing maintenance needs.
- May 2022: Bridgestone entered the South African agricultural market with high-performance tires for tractors and combine harvesters.
- August 2022: The South African Department of Science and Innovation supplied cotton baler machines to farmers, ending manual baling.
In-Depth Africa Agricultural Machinery Market Outlook
The future of the African agricultural machinery market is bright, driven by continued investment in agricultural development, technological innovation, and supportive government policies. Strategic partnerships, focused on providing accessible financing and tailored solutions for smallholder farmers, will be crucial in unlocking the market's full potential. The market's long-term growth trajectory hinges on addressing infrastructure gaps and enhancing skills development to ensure effective machinery utilization and maintenance. This presents significant opportunities for businesses and investors in this rapidly growing sector.
Africa Agricultural Machinery Market Segmentation
- 1. Production Analysis
- 2. Consumption Analysis
- 3. Import Market Analysis (Value & Volume)
- 4. Export Market Analysis (Value & Volume)
- 5. Price Trend Analysis
Africa Agricultural Machinery Market Segmentation By Geography
-
1. Africa
- 1.1. Nigeria
- 1.2. South Africa
- 1.3. Egypt
- 1.4. Kenya
- 1.5. Ethiopia
- 1.6. Morocco
- 1.7. Ghana
- 1.8. Algeria
- 1.9. Tanzania
- 1.10. Ivory Coast

Africa Agricultural Machinery Market REPORT HIGHLIGHTS
Aspects | Details |
---|---|
Study Period | 2019-2033 |
Base Year | 2024 |
Estimated Year | 2025 |
Forecast Period | 2025-2033 |
Historical Period | 2019-2024 |
Growth Rate | CAGR of 6.40% from 2019-2033 |
Segmentation |
|
Table of Contents
- 1. Introduction
- 1.1. Research Scope
- 1.2. Market Segmentation
- 1.3. Research Methodology
- 1.4. Definitions and Assumptions
- 2. Executive Summary
- 2.1. Introduction
- 3. Market Dynamics
- 3.1. Introduction
- 3.2. Market Drivers
- 3.2.1. Increasing Legalization of Cannabis; Growing Focus on Health Benefits of Cannabis
- 3.3. Market Restrains
- 3.3.1. Lack of Data on Dosages and Results; Lack of Access to Financial Assistance
- 3.4. Market Trends
- 3.4.1. Increasing Focus on Sustainable Mechanization
- 4. Market Factor Analysis
- 4.1. Porters Five Forces
- 4.2. Supply/Value Chain
- 4.3. PESTEL analysis
- 4.4. Market Entropy
- 4.5. Patent/Trademark Analysis
- 5. Africa Agricultural Machinery Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 5.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Production Analysis
- 5.2. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Consumption Analysis
- 5.3. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Import Market Analysis (Value & Volume)
- 5.4. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Export Market Analysis (Value & Volume)
- 5.5. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Price Trend Analysis
- 5.6. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Region
- 5.6.1. Africa
- 5.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Production Analysis
- 6. South Africa Africa Agricultural Machinery Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 7. Sudan Africa Agricultural Machinery Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 8. Uganda Africa Agricultural Machinery Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 9. Tanzania Africa Agricultural Machinery Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 10. Kenya Africa Agricultural Machinery Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 11. Rest of Africa Africa Agricultural Machinery Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 12. Competitive Analysis
- 12.1. Market Share Analysis 2024
- 12.2. Company Profiles
- 12.2.1 Kuhn Group
- 12.2.1.1. Overview
- 12.2.1.2. Products
- 12.2.1.3. SWOT Analysis
- 12.2.1.4. Recent Developments
- 12.2.1.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 12.2.2 Deere & Company
- 12.2.2.1. Overview
- 12.2.2.2. Products
- 12.2.2.3. SWOT Analysis
- 12.2.2.4. Recent Developments
- 12.2.2.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 12.2.3 Kverneland AS
- 12.2.3.1. Overview
- 12.2.3.2. Products
- 12.2.3.3. SWOT Analysis
- 12.2.3.4. Recent Developments
- 12.2.3.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 12.2.4 AGCO Corporation
- 12.2.4.1. Overview
- 12.2.4.2. Products
- 12.2.4.3. SWOT Analysis
- 12.2.4.4. Recent Developments
- 12.2.4.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 12.2.5 CNH Industrial NV
- 12.2.5.1. Overview
- 12.2.5.2. Products
- 12.2.5.3. SWOT Analysis
- 12.2.5.4. Recent Developments
- 12.2.5.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 12.2.6 Mahindra & Mahindra Ltd
- 12.2.6.1. Overview
- 12.2.6.2. Products
- 12.2.6.3. SWOT Analysis
- 12.2.6.4. Recent Developments
- 12.2.6.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 12.2.7 Tractors and Farm Equipment Limited (TAFE)
- 12.2.7.1. Overview
- 12.2.7.2. Products
- 12.2.7.3. SWOT Analysis
- 12.2.7.4. Recent Developments
- 12.2.7.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 12.2.8 Claas KGaA mbH
- 12.2.8.1. Overview
- 12.2.8.2. Products
- 12.2.8.3. SWOT Analysis
- 12.2.8.4. Recent Developments
- 12.2.8.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 12.2.9 Kubota Agricultural Machinery
- 12.2.9.1. Overview
- 12.2.9.2. Products
- 12.2.9.3. SWOT Analysis
- 12.2.9.4. Recent Developments
- 12.2.9.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 12.2.10 Lindsay Corporatio
- 12.2.10.1. Overview
- 12.2.10.2. Products
- 12.2.10.3. SWOT Analysis
- 12.2.10.4. Recent Developments
- 12.2.10.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 12.2.11 Escorts Group
- 12.2.11.1. Overview
- 12.2.11.2. Products
- 12.2.11.3. SWOT Analysis
- 12.2.11.4. Recent Developments
- 12.2.11.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 12.2.12 J C Bamford Excavators Limited
- 12.2.12.1. Overview
- 12.2.12.2. Products
- 12.2.12.3. SWOT Analysis
- 12.2.12.4. Recent Developments
- 12.2.12.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 12.2.1 Kuhn Group
List of Figures
- Figure 1: Africa Agricultural Machinery Market Revenue Breakdown (Million, %) by Product 2024 & 2032
- Figure 2: Africa Agricultural Machinery Market Share (%) by Company 2024
List of Tables
- Table 1: Africa Agricultural Machinery Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Region 2019 & 2032
- Table 2: Africa Agricultural Machinery Market Volume Kiloton Forecast, by Region 2019 & 2032
- Table 3: Africa Agricultural Machinery Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Production Analysis 2019 & 2032
- Table 4: Africa Agricultural Machinery Market Volume Kiloton Forecast, by Production Analysis 2019 & 2032
- Table 5: Africa Agricultural Machinery Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Consumption Analysis 2019 & 2032
- Table 6: Africa Agricultural Machinery Market Volume Kiloton Forecast, by Consumption Analysis 2019 & 2032
- Table 7: Africa Agricultural Machinery Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Import Market Analysis (Value & Volume) 2019 & 2032
- Table 8: Africa Agricultural Machinery Market Volume Kiloton Forecast, by Import Market Analysis (Value & Volume) 2019 & 2032
- Table 9: Africa Agricultural Machinery Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Export Market Analysis (Value & Volume) 2019 & 2032
- Table 10: Africa Agricultural Machinery Market Volume Kiloton Forecast, by Export Market Analysis (Value & Volume) 2019 & 2032
- Table 11: Africa Agricultural Machinery Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Price Trend Analysis 2019 & 2032
- Table 12: Africa Agricultural Machinery Market Volume Kiloton Forecast, by Price Trend Analysis 2019 & 2032
- Table 13: Africa Agricultural Machinery Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Region 2019 & 2032
- Table 14: Africa Agricultural Machinery Market Volume Kiloton Forecast, by Region 2019 & 2032
- Table 15: Africa Agricultural Machinery Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
- Table 16: Africa Agricultural Machinery Market Volume Kiloton Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
- Table 17: South Africa Africa Agricultural Machinery Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 18: South Africa Africa Agricultural Machinery Market Volume (Kiloton) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 19: Sudan Africa Agricultural Machinery Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 20: Sudan Africa Agricultural Machinery Market Volume (Kiloton) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 21: Uganda Africa Agricultural Machinery Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 22: Uganda Africa Agricultural Machinery Market Volume (Kiloton) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 23: Tanzania Africa Agricultural Machinery Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 24: Tanzania Africa Agricultural Machinery Market Volume (Kiloton) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 25: Kenya Africa Agricultural Machinery Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 26: Kenya Africa Agricultural Machinery Market Volume (Kiloton) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 27: Rest of Africa Africa Agricultural Machinery Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 28: Rest of Africa Africa Agricultural Machinery Market Volume (Kiloton) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 29: Africa Agricultural Machinery Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Production Analysis 2019 & 2032
- Table 30: Africa Agricultural Machinery Market Volume Kiloton Forecast, by Production Analysis 2019 & 2032
- Table 31: Africa Agricultural Machinery Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Consumption Analysis 2019 & 2032
- Table 32: Africa Agricultural Machinery Market Volume Kiloton Forecast, by Consumption Analysis 2019 & 2032
- Table 33: Africa Agricultural Machinery Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Import Market Analysis (Value & Volume) 2019 & 2032
- Table 34: Africa Agricultural Machinery Market Volume Kiloton Forecast, by Import Market Analysis (Value & Volume) 2019 & 2032
- Table 35: Africa Agricultural Machinery Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Export Market Analysis (Value & Volume) 2019 & 2032
- Table 36: Africa Agricultural Machinery Market Volume Kiloton Forecast, by Export Market Analysis (Value & Volume) 2019 & 2032
- Table 37: Africa Agricultural Machinery Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Price Trend Analysis 2019 & 2032
- Table 38: Africa Agricultural Machinery Market Volume Kiloton Forecast, by Price Trend Analysis 2019 & 2032
- Table 39: Africa Agricultural Machinery Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
- Table 40: Africa Agricultural Machinery Market Volume Kiloton Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
- Table 41: Nigeria Africa Agricultural Machinery Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 42: Nigeria Africa Agricultural Machinery Market Volume (Kiloton) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 43: South Africa Africa Agricultural Machinery Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 44: South Africa Africa Agricultural Machinery Market Volume (Kiloton) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 45: Egypt Africa Agricultural Machinery Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 46: Egypt Africa Agricultural Machinery Market Volume (Kiloton) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 47: Kenya Africa Agricultural Machinery Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 48: Kenya Africa Agricultural Machinery Market Volume (Kiloton) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 49: Ethiopia Africa Agricultural Machinery Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 50: Ethiopia Africa Agricultural Machinery Market Volume (Kiloton) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 51: Morocco Africa Agricultural Machinery Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 52: Morocco Africa Agricultural Machinery Market Volume (Kiloton) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 53: Ghana Africa Agricultural Machinery Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 54: Ghana Africa Agricultural Machinery Market Volume (Kiloton) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 55: Algeria Africa Agricultural Machinery Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 56: Algeria Africa Agricultural Machinery Market Volume (Kiloton) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 57: Tanzania Africa Agricultural Machinery Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 58: Tanzania Africa Agricultural Machinery Market Volume (Kiloton) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 59: Ivory Coast Africa Agricultural Machinery Market Revenue (Million) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
- Table 60: Ivory Coast Africa Agricultural Machinery Market Volume (Kiloton) Forecast, by Application 2019 & 2032
Frequently Asked Questions
1. What is the projected Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of the Africa Agricultural Machinery Market?
The projected CAGR is approximately 6.40%.
2. Which companies are prominent players in the Africa Agricultural Machinery Market?
Key companies in the market include Kuhn Group, Deere & Company, Kverneland AS, AGCO Corporation, CNH Industrial NV, Mahindra & Mahindra Ltd, Tractors and Farm Equipment Limited (TAFE), Claas KGaA mbH, Kubota Agricultural Machinery, Lindsay Corporatio, Escorts Group, J C Bamford Excavators Limited.
3. What are the main segments of the Africa Agricultural Machinery Market?
The market segments include Production Analysis, Consumption Analysis, Import Market Analysis (Value & Volume), Export Market Analysis (Value & Volume), Price Trend Analysis.
4. Can you provide details about the market size?
The market size is estimated to be USD 2.27 Million as of 2022.
5. What are some drivers contributing to market growth?
Increasing Legalization of Cannabis; Growing Focus on Health Benefits of Cannabis.
6. What are the notable trends driving market growth?
Increasing Focus on Sustainable Mechanization.
7. Are there any restraints impacting market growth?
Lack of Data on Dosages and Results; Lack of Access to Financial Assistance.
8. Can you provide examples of recent developments in the market?
August 2022: As part of plans to support and boost the cotton industry in South Africa, the Department of Science and Innovation (DSI) and its entity, the Technology Innovation Agency(TIA), have together supplied farmers with two cotton baler machines to put an end to manual cotton baling.
9. What pricing options are available for accessing the report?
Pricing options include single-user, multi-user, and enterprise licenses priced at USD 4750, USD 5250, and USD 8750 respectively.
10. Is the market size provided in terms of value or volume?
The market size is provided in terms of value, measured in Million and volume, measured in Kiloton.
11. Are there any specific market keywords associated with the report?
Yes, the market keyword associated with the report is "Africa Agricultural Machinery Market," which aids in identifying and referencing the specific market segment covered.
12. How do I determine which pricing option suits my needs best?
The pricing options vary based on user requirements and access needs. Individual users may opt for single-user licenses, while businesses requiring broader access may choose multi-user or enterprise licenses for cost-effective access to the report.
13. Are there any additional resources or data provided in the Africa Agricultural Machinery Market report?
While the report offers comprehensive insights, it's advisable to review the specific contents or supplementary materials provided to ascertain if additional resources or data are available.
14. How can I stay updated on further developments or reports in the Africa Agricultural Machinery Market?
To stay informed about further developments, trends, and reports in the Africa Agricultural Machinery Market, consider subscribing to industry newsletters, following relevant companies and organizations, or regularly checking reputable industry news sources and publications.
Methodology
Step 1 - Identification of Relevant Samples Size from Population Database



Step 2 - Approaches for Defining Global Market Size (Value, Volume* & Price*)

Note*: In applicable scenarios
Step 3 - Data Sources
Primary Research
- Web Analytics
- Survey Reports
- Research Institute
- Latest Research Reports
- Opinion Leaders
Secondary Research
- Annual Reports
- White Paper
- Latest Press Release
- Industry Association
- Paid Database
- Investor Presentations

Step 4 - Data Triangulation
Involves using different sources of information in order to increase the validity of a study
These sources are likely to be stakeholders in a program - participants, other researchers, program staff, other community members, and so on.
Then we put all data in single framework & apply various statistical tools to find out the dynamic on the market.
During the analysis stage, feedback from the stakeholder groups would be compared to determine areas of agreement as well as areas of divergence